Chemical effect of electric current and Laws of electrolysis. Explanation of Anodes and cathodes. Types of cells, advantages / disadvantages and their applications. Lead acid cell; Principle of operation and components. Types of battery charging, Safety precautions, test equipment and maintenance. Basic principles of Electro-plating and cathodic protection Grouping of cells for specified voltage and current. Principle and operation of solar cell. I.E. rules on electrical wiring. Types of domestic and industrial wirings. Study of wiring accessories e.g. switches, fuses, relays, MCB, ELCB, MCCB etc. Grading of cables and current ratings. Principle of laying out of domestic wiring. Voltage drop concept. PVC conduit and Casing-capping wiring system. Different types of wiring - Power, control, Communication and entertainment wiring. Wiring circuits planning, permissible load in sub-circuit and main circuit. Estimation of load, cable size, bill of material and cost. Inspection and testing of wiring installations. Special wiring circuit e.g. godown, tunnel and workshop etc. Importance of Earthing. Plate earthing and pipe earthing methods and IEE regulations. Earth resistance and earth leakage circuit breaker.  Laws of Illuminations. Types of illumination system. Illumination factors, intensity of light. Type of lamps, advantages/ disadvantages and their applications. Calculations of lumens and efficiency. Classification of electrical instruments and essential forces required in indicating instruments. PMMC and Moving iron instruments. Measurement of various electrical parameters using different analog and digital instruments. Measurement of energy in three phase circuit. Errors and corrections in measurement. Loading effect of voltmeter and voltage drop effect of ammeter in circuits. Extension of range and calibration of measuring instruments. Working principles and circuits of common domestic equipment and appliances. Concept of Neutral and Earth. Working principle, construction and classification of transformer. Single phase and three phase transformers. Turn ratio and e.m.f. equation. Series and parallel operation of transformer. Voltage Regulation and efficiency. Auto Transformer and instrument transformers (CT & PT) Method of connecting three single phase transformers for three phase operation. Types of Cooling, protective devices, bushings and termination etc. Testing of transformer oil. Materials used for winding and winding wires in small transformer.