Scope of the electrician trade. Safety rules and safety signs. Types and working of fire extinguishers. First aid safety practice. Hazard identification and prevention. Personal safety and factory safety. Response to emergencies e.g. power failure, system failure and fire etc.Concept of Standards and advantages of BIS/ISI. Trade tools specifications. Introduction to National Electrical Code-2011. Allied trades: Introduction to fitting tools, safety precautions. Description of files, hammers, chisels hacksaw frames, blades, their specification and grades. Marking tools description and use. Types of drills, description & drilling machines. Various wooden joints. Marking tools; calipers Dividers, Surface plates, Angle plates, Scribers, punches, surface gauges Types, Uses, Care and maintenance. Sheet metal tools: Description of marking & cutting tools. Types of rivets and riveted joints. Use of thread gauge. Description of carpenter’s tools Care and maintenance of tools. Fundamentals of electricity, definitions, units & effects of electric current. Conductors and insulators. Conducting materials and their comparison. Joints in electrical conductors. Techniques of soldering. Types of solders and flux. Underground cables: Description, types, various joints and testing procedure. Cable insulation & voltage grades Precautions in using various types of cables. Ohm’s Law; Simple electrical circuits and problems. Kirchoff’s Laws and applications. Series and parallel circuits. Open and short circuits in series and parallel networks. Laws of Resistance and various types of resistors. Wheatstone bridge; principle and its applications. Effect of variation of temperature on resistance. Different methods of measuring the values of resistance. Series and parallel combinations of resistors.  Magnetic terms, magnetic materials and properties of magnet. Principles and laws of electromagnetism. Self and mutually induced EMFs. Electrostatics: CapacitorDifferent types, functions, grouping and uses. Inductive and capacitive reactance, their effect on AC circuit and related vector concepts. Comparison and Advantages of DC and AC systems. Related terms frequency, Instantaneous value, R.M.S. value Average value, Peak factor, form factor, power factor and Impedance etc. Sine wave, phase and phase difference. Active and Reactive power. Single Phase and three-phase system. Problems on A.C. circuits Advantages of AC poly-phase system. Concept of three-phase Star and Delta connection. Line and phase voltage, current and power in a 3 phase circuits with balanced and unbalanced load. Phase sequence meter.